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Remembering the forgotten Indian biochemist who made pioneering contributions to cancer treatment

In May 1948, Gobind Behari Lal, a science writer and the first Indian to win a Pulitzer, wrote in his column about a patient at New York’s Harlem Hospital. The patient, afflicted with cancer of the oesophagus, had been treated with a new drug, Teropterin, which had considerably alleviated his pain.

The drug, synthesised by pioneering biochemist Yellapragada Subbarow and his colleagues was a “chemical relative of synthetic folic acid”, a vitamin used in treating certain forms of anaemia. Lal’s conclusion was that Teropterin temporarily arrested the cancer, and “Subbarow would use this new knowledge to develop new far-reaching cancer treatments”.

Two years later, in February, another article by Lal and Paul Murphy recounted the case of an eight-year-old boy affected with leukaemia. Beginning December 1947, the child had been administered the drug Aminopterin, after which the cancer cells showed obvious signs of remission. Seven months later, he developed a bacterial infection that wa

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DR YELLAPRAGADA LIFESCIENCES IS NAMED AFTER DR YELLAPRAGADA SUBBAROW AS A TRIBUTE FOR HIS CONTRIBUTIONS TOWARDS SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH DISCOVERIES AND HUMAN WELFARE

"You've probably never heard of Dr. Yellapragada SubbaRao. Yet because he lived, you may be alive and are well today. Because he lived, you may live longer"

-Doron K. Antrim

BIOGRAPHY - DR YELLAPRAGADA SUBBAROW

DR YELLAPRAGADA SUBBAROW – The unsung Indian biochemist behind methotrexate and other drugs

“You have probably never heard of Dr. Yellapragada SubbaRow. Yet because he lived you may be alive and well today, because he lived you may live longer.” wrote Doron K. Antrim in “Argozy,” an American magazine in the 1950s. Methotrexate has been proved to be one of the best United States Food and Drug administration-approved drugs for dermatologists in India, as it is cheap and effective in managing cases of psoriasis and Sezary syndrome with many off label uses. Most of the clinicians in an overpopulated country like India have prescribed methotrexate while being ignorant of the brain behind the molecule.

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Yellapragada Subbarow

Indian-American biochemist (1895–1948)

Yellapragada Subbarow^[a] (12 January 1895 – 8 August 1948) was an Indian Americanbiochemist who discovered the function of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as an energy source in the cell,^[1] developed methotrexate for the treatment of cancer and led the department at Lederle laboratories in which Benjamin Minge Duggar discovered chlortetracycline in 1945.

A student of Madras Medical College, his elder brother and younger brother both died due to tropical sprue in the span of eight days. He subsequently discovered folic acid as a cure for tropical sprue. He discovered methotrexate, a chemotherapy drug still used today and also used for rheumatoid arthritis, and diethylcarbamazine (DEC), the only effective drug for treating filariasis. Most of his career was spent in the United States. Despite his isolation of ATP, Subbarow did not gain tenure at Harvard University^[2]^[3] though he would lead some of America's most important medical research during World War II. He